Tag: computer networks
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1.5 Addressing and Packets
In the early store-and-forward networks it was important to know the source and destination computers for every message. Each computer was given a unique name or number that was called the “address” of the computer. To send a message to another computer, you needed to add the source and destination address to the message before…
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1.4 Packets and Routers
The most important innovation that allowed messages to move more quickly across a multi-hop network was to break each message into small fragments and send each fragment individually. In networking terms, these pieces of messages are called “packets”. The idea of breaking a message into packets was pioneered in the 1960s, but it was not…
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1.3 Early Wide Area Store-and-Forward Networks
In the 1970s and 1980s, people working at universities around the world wanted to send each other data and messages using these computer-to-computer connections. Since the cost for each connection was so high and increased with distance, computers generally only had connections to other nearby computers. But if the computer that you were connected to…
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1.2 Computers Communicate Differently
When humans talk on the phone, they make a call, talk for a while, and then hang up. Statistically, most of the time, humans are not talking on the phone. At least they weren’t before everyone had smartphones. But computers, including the applications on your smartphone, communicate differently than humans do. Sometimes computers send short…
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1.1 Communicating at a Distance
Imagine a group of five people in a room sitting in a circle. As long as they are courteous and don’t have more than one conversation at the same time, it’s quite natural for any person to talk to any other person in the room. They just need to be able to hear each other…
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Using the Internet seems pretty easy. We go to a web address and up comes a page. Or we go to our favorite social site and see pictures of our friends, families, and pets. But it takes a lot of complex software and hardware to make the Internet seem so simple. The design of the…
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Printing History & Copyright Details
Printing History 2015-May-25 Original Printing – CreateSpace Copyright Details This book is Copyright Charles R. Severance.The paper/print version of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.Permission is specifically granted to make copies as necessary of all or part of the materials in this book as part of a course or…
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Credits
Illustrations: Mauro Toselli Editorial Support: Sue Blumenberg Cover Design: Aimee Andrion The SketchNote illustrations were drawn on an iPad using Paper by www.fiftythree.com using a dedicated stylus pencil. The illus- trations were converted from PNG to SVG and EPS vector formats using www.vectormagic.com. The technical figures for the book were drawn with OmniGraffle. Back to…
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Preface
The goal of this book is to provide a basic understanding of the technical design and architecture of the Internet. The book is aimed at all audiences – even those with absolutely no prior technical experience or math skills. The Internet is an amazingly beautiful design and should be understood by all who use it.While…