⁷Three major factors influence the efficiency of a gas centrifuge: rotor wall speed, rotor length, and gas temperature. Of these, rotor wall speed is the most influential. Higher speeds separate isotopes more effectively, because higher wall speeds result in greater amounts of radial acceleration, which increases the amount of centrifugal force experienced by the gas molecules. Longer rotors also separate isotopes more effectively because they provide more opportunity for the counter-flowing gas streams to separate lighter molecules toward the center and heavier molecules toward the wall. Higher temperatures reduce separation efficiency, because gas molecules at higher temperatures are more mobile and therefore diffuse (i.e. mix together) at higher rates. Therefore, the optimum gas centrifuge design will be long, spin as fast as possible, and operate as cool as possible.